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    <!-- Document description; header and citation info -->
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        <citation>
            <titlStmt>
                <titl>Evaluating real-time forecasts in real-time</titl>
                <IDNo agency="handle">http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11249</IDNo>
            </titlStmt>
            <prodStmt>
              <!-- ID hieronder is niet helemaal juist: Moet orgunit zijn -->
                <producer affiliation="EUR" role="publisher">RePub</producer>
                <copyright>Copyright (c) RePub, 2007</copyright>
                <prodDate date="2007-09-03">2007</prodDate>
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        </citation>
        <notes></notes>
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    <!-- Study description: Describes the study (geographical, temporal, methodological -->
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        <citation>
            <titlStmt>
                <titl>Dataset belonging to: Evaluating real-time forecasts in real-time</titl>
            </titlStmt>
            <rspStmt>
                <AuthEnty ID="person_398">Dijk, D.J.C. van</AuthEnty>
                <AuthEnty ID="person_2">Franses, Ph.H.B.F.</AuthEnty>
                <AuthEnty ID="person_1371">Ravazzolo, F.</AuthEnty>
            </rspStmt>
            <biblCit>Dataset [Codebook file] belonging to: Dijk, D.J.C. van, Ph.H.B.F. Franses, and F. Ravazzolo, Evaluating real-time forecasts in real-time, Econometric Institute Report, Rotterdam, 2007.</biblCit>
        </citation>
        <stdyInfo>
            <!-- Paul dit moet, indien relevant aangepast worden -->
            <subject>
              <keyword vocab="keyword">data revision</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="keyword">forecast evaluation</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="keyword">parameter uncertainty</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="keyword">Bayesian estimation</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="keyword">structural breaks</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="jel">C11</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="jel">C22</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="jel">C53</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="jel">C82</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="jel">E01</keyword>
              <keyword vocab="jel">E27</keyword>
		<keyword vocab="goo">83.03</keyword>
            <keyword vocab="goo">85.03</keyword>
            <keyword vocab="kgoo">forecasting</keyword>
            <keyword vocab="kgoo">macro-economie</keyword>
            <keyword vocab="kgoo">rente</keyword>
            <keyword vocab="kgoo">nationaal product</keyword>
            <keyword vocab="lcc">HB3730</keyword>
            <keyword vocab="lcc">QA279.5</keyword>
           

            </subject>
            <sumDscr>
                <timePrd event="start" date="1966">1966</timePrd>
                <timePrd event="end" date="2003">2003</timePrd>
                <collDate event="start" date="1966">1966</collDate>
                <collDate event="end" date="2003">2003</collDate>
                <nation abbr="us">United States of America</nation>
                <geogCover>United States of America</geogCover>
                <anlyUnit>macro economic indicators</anlyUnit>
                <universe>forecasts of the United States quarterly macro economic indicators like interst rates and gross domestic product (GDP) </universe>
                <dataKind>time-series data</dataKind>
            </sumDscr>
            <notes>Dependent variable: Continuous. Name of model: Standard linear regression model.</notes>
        </stdyInfo>
        <!-- Paul dit moet, indien relevant, aangepast worden -->
        <method>
            <dataColl>
                <timeMeth>time-series</timeMeth>
                <dataCollector>Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia</dataCollector>
                <frequenc>quarterly</frequenc>
                <collMode>collection from website</collMode>
                <sources>
                  <dataSrc>Quarterly forecasts for US macroeconomic indicators derived from website Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelophia</dataSrc>
                </sources>
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            <notes></notes>
        </method>
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        <othrStdyMat>
          <relMat>The accuracy of real-time forecasts of macroeconomic
            variables that are subject to revisions may crucially depend on the
            choice of data used to compare the forecasts against. We put forward
            a flexible time-varying parameter regression framework to obtain
            early estimates of the final value of macroeconomic variables based
            upon the initial data release that may be used as actuals in current
            forecast evaluation. We allow for structural changes in the
            regression parameters to accommodate benchmark revisions and
            definitional changes, which fundamentally change the statistical
            properties of the variable of interest, including the relationship
            between the final value and the initial release. The usefulness of
            our approach is demonstrated through an empirical application
            comparing the accuracy of forecasts of US GDP growth rates from the
            Survey of Professional Forecasters and the Greenbook.</relMat>
          <relPubl>Dijk, D.J.C. van, Ph.H.B.F. Franses, and F. Ravazzolo, Evaluating real-time forecasts in real-time, Econometric Institute Report, Rotterdam, 2007.</relPubl>
        </othrStdyMat>
        <notes></notes>
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