Mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving treatment in critically ill neonates. However, mechanical ventilation is also one of the most important risk factors (Table 1) of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common chronic lung disease in infancy with long-term pulmonary and neurological complications (1). Exposure of immature lungs to positive pressure ventilation results in oxidative stress and ventilator-induced lung injury. The resulting injury and inflammation lead to abnormal developmental and reparative processes in the lung. This general introduction outlines the current knowledge regarding Bronchopulmonary dysplasia related to lung development, mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury, mechanosensing and mechanotransduction and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of BPD related to mechanical ventilation.

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This research was financially supported by operating grants (MOP-15272) from the Canadian Institute of Health Research, the ‘Sophia Stichting Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek’ (SSWO) and infrastructure grants (CCURE, CSCCD) from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation.
M.R. Post (Martin)
Erasmus University Rotterdam
hdl.handle.net/1765/30803
Erasmus MC: University Medical Center Rotterdam

Kroon, A. (2011, December 21). Ventilation-induced Alterations in Lung Development. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1765/30803