Kouwenhoven, A.

claim policy holder policy holder period decision insurance premium claim sizes damage model claim size result state bonus system accident table horizon value markov decision processes vector number horizon model probability bonus-malu period n claim behaviour state space amount behaviour markov analysis process bonus systems problem component space equation class astzn bulletin distribution bonus-malus class function lanzenauer insurance period dellaert haehling combination bulletin parameter decision rule proof definition bonus-malus system lemma insurance year section norman policy holder files shearn yield 30.0 probability distributions 120.0 sensitivity inequality theorem time axis 0.0 company programming lemaire input principle algorithm astin bulletin probability density function vehicle insurance 25 years