Ineveld, B.M. van

Landelijke evaluatie van bevolkingsonderzoek naar borstkanker in Nederland. 1990-2007 (XII). Het twaalfde evaluatierapport (Research Report)

2009-12-01T00:00:00Z

Introduction: The last detailed report from the National Evaluation Team for Breast cancer screening (NETB) on the Dutch breast cancer screening programme appeared in 2005. It presented the screening results up until the end of 2003 which, however, were incomplete for some regions. The same applies to the two brief interim reports that were released in 2006 and 2007. The new evaluation report adds four reporting years to the entire evaluation period, i.e. those from 2004- 2007. The fact that this 12th report by the NETB is based on complete nationwide data on the screening activities of all nine screening regions is particularly good news. This is thanks to the additional efforts made by the two regions that had had a backlog of screened women’s follow-up data for years, enabling the backlog to be eliminated by spring 2009. It also enabled the optimum analysis of 18 years of national population research, and the presentation of the results without qualification. Unfortunately, this does not apply to the data on interval cancers which, subsequent to 1999, are far from being fully available at national level....

Comparing methodologies for the allocation of overhead and capital costs to hospital services (Article)

2009-06-01T00:00:00Z

BACKGROUND: Typically, little consideration is given to the allocation of indirect costs (overheads and capital) to hospital services, compared to the allocation of direct costs. Weighted service allocation is believed to provide the most accurate indirect cost estimation, but the method is time consuming. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hourly rate, inpatient day, and marginal mark-up allocation are reliable alternatives for weighted service allocation. METHODS: The cost approaches were compared independently for appendectomy, hip replacement, cataract, and stroke in representative general hospitals in The Netherlands for 2005. RESULTS: Hourly rate allocation and inpatient day allocation produce estimates that are not significantly different from weighted service allocation. CONCLUSIONS: Hourly rate allocation may be a strong alternative to weighted service allocation for hospital services with a relatively short inpatient stay. The use of inpatient day allocation would likely most closely reflect the indirect cost estimates obtained by the weighted service method.

Creating patient value in glaucoma care (Article)

2009-04-01T00:00:00Z

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore in a specific hospital care process the applicability in practice of the theories of quality costing and value chains. Design/methodology/approach: In a retrospective case study an in-depth evaluation of the use of a quality cost model (QCM) and the applicability of Porter’s care delivery value chain (CDVC) was performed in a specific care process: glaucoma care over the period 2001 to 2006 in the Rotterdam Eye Hospital in The Netherlands. Findings: The case study shows a reduction of costs per product by increasing the number of outpatient visits and surgery combined with a higher patient satisfaction. Reduction of costs of non-compliance by using the QCM is small, due to the absence of (external) financial incentives for both the hospital and individual physicians. For CDVC to be supportive to an integrated quality and cost management the notion “patient value” needs far more specification as mutually agreed on by the stakeholders involved and related reimbursement needs to depend on realised outcomes. Research limitations/implications: The case study just focused on one specific care process in one hospital. To determine effects in other areas of health care, it is important to study the use andapplicability of the QCM and the CDVC in other care processes and settings. Originality/value: QCM and a CDVC can be useful tools for hospital management to manage the outcomes on both quality and costs, but impact is dependent on the incentives in the context of the existing organisational and reimbursement system and asks for an agreed on operationalisation among the various stakeholders of the notion of patient value.

Comparing methodologies for the cost estimation of hospital services (Article)

2009-02-01T00:00:00Z

The aim of the study was to determine whether the total cost estimate of a hospital service remains reliable when the cost components of bottom-up microcosting were replaced by the cost components of top-down microcosting or gross costing. Total cost estimates were determined in representative general hospitals in the Netherlands for appendectomy, normal delivery, stroke and acute myocardial infarction for 2005. It was concluded that restricting the use of bottom-up microcosting to those cost components that have a great impact on the total costs (i.e., labour and inpatient stay) would likely result in reliable cost estimates.

Introduction of additional double reading of mammograms by radiographers: Effects on a biennial screening programme outcome (Article)

2008-06-01T00:00:00Z

Purpose: To determine the effect of introducing radiographer double reading, in addition to standard radiologist double reading, on screening mammography outcome. Methods: In period A, 66,225 mammograms were read by two screening radiologists. In period B, 78,325 mammograms were read by two radiographers in addition and radiologists were blinded to the referral opinion of the radiographers. Mammograms, for which only radiographers had suggested referral, (i.e. cases that would only be referred by technologists) were re-evaluated by the screening radiologists. Women were referred if at least one radiologist considered this necessary, and diagnostic costs of these additional referrals were estimated. Results: In period A, 322 cancers were diagnosed after referral of 678 women. During period B, radiologists initially referred 1122 patients and 411 cancers were detected. Radiologists' referral rate was higher in period B than in period A (1.43% versus 1.02%, p < 0.001), as well as the cancer detection rate per 1000 women screened (CDR) (5.25 versus 4.86, p = 0.3). The positive predictive value of referral (PPV) was 36.6% versus 47.5% (p < 0.001). In period B, radiologist review of 544 additional positive radiographer readings led to 102 extra referrals, with 29 additional cancers detected, resulting in an overall referral rate of 1.56% (compared to period A, p < 0.001), an overall CDR of 5.62 (p = 0.048) and an overall PPV of 35.9% (p < 0.001). Workup expenses of the 102 additional referrals were €60,274. Conclusion: Additional radiographer double reading detected cancers that would have been missed by radiologists. Mean expenses for diagnostic confirmation of these extra cancers was €2078 per cancer.

Utilization and cost of diagnostic imaging and biopsies following positive screening mammography in the southern breast cancer screening region of the Netherlands, 2000-2005 (Article)

2008-05-20T00:00:00Z

We prospectively assessed trends in utilization and costs of diagnostic services of screen-positive women in a biennial breast cancer screening program for women aged 50-75 years. All 2,062 women with suspicious findings at screening mammography in the southern region of the Netherlands between 1 January 2000 and 1 July 2005 (158,997 screens) were included. Data were collected on any diagnostic examinations, interventional procedures, and surgical consultations with two-year follow-up. We used national reimbursement rates to estimate imaging costs and percutaneous biopsy costs. Cost prices, charged by hospitals, were used to estimate open surgical biopsy costs and surgical consultation costs. The largest increase in utilization of diagnostic procedures per 100 referrals was observed for axillary ultrasound (from 3.9 in 2000 to 33.5 in 2005) and for stereotactic core biopsy (from 2.1 in 2000 to 26.8 in 2005). Per 100 referrals, the open surgical biopsy rate decreased from 34.7 (2000) to 4.6 (2005) and the number of outpatient surgical consultations fluctuated between 269.8 (2000) and 309.7 (2004). Mean costs for the diagnosis of one cancer were €1,501 and ranged from €1,223 (2002) to €1,647 (2003). Surgical biopsies comprised 54.1% of total diagnostic costs for women screened in 2000, but decreased to 9.9% for women screened in 2005. Imaging costs increased from 23.7 to 43.8%, percutaneous biopsy costs from 9.9 to 27.2%, and consultation costs from 12.3 to 19.1%. We conclude that diagnostic costs per screen-detected cancer remained fairly stable through the years, although huge changes in the use of different diagnostic procedures were observed.

Kwaliteit en kosten in instellingen voor klinische zorg. Eindrapportage van de toepassing van een kwaliteitsmodel in 5 Nederlandse zorginstellingen 1999-2002 (Research Paper)

2002-01-01T00:00:00Z

In dit rapport wordt verslag gedaan van de bruikbaarheid en toepasbaarheid van het kwaliteitskostenmodel in de praktijk. Het verslag bestaat uit 2 delen: 1) Externe verslagen over het verloop en de resultaten binnen de kwaliteitsprojecten in de zorginstellingen door de projectteams. 2) Een procesevaluatie met name gericht op de toepassing en het gebruik van kwaliteitskosten bij de uitvoering van de kwaliteitsprojecten. Algemeen blijkt het kwaliteitskostenmodel in de praktijk uitvoerbaar: met behulp van kwaliteitskosteninformatie kunnen knelpunten binnen het zorgproces aangewezen worden en kunnen prioriteiten voor verbetering worden gesteld. De toepasbaarheid van de kwaliteitskosteninformatie voor de besluitvorming binnen de kwaliteitsprojecten is nog beperkt. Hierbij spelen zowel een aantal interne als externe factoren een rol die belemmerend werken: 1) Betrokkenen zijn niet kosten-minded ingesteld, waardoor terughoudend wordt omgegaan met kostenargumenten. 2) Kostenargumenten als zodanig blijken niet direct bruikbaar als motiverend argument om draagvlak te krijgen voor kwaliteitsverbeteringen. 3) Het ontbreekt binnen de zorginstellingen veelal aan een ‘outcome’-gerichtheid die de basis vormt van de werking van het kwaliteitskostenmodel. 4) De huidige Functiegerichte Budgettering biedt weinig prikkels om vermijdbare kosten binnen het zorgproces te doen dalen of om te komen tot omzetvergroting. In het algemeen gaat de aandacht vooral uit naar mogelijkheden voor financiële besparingen (beïnvloeding op geldstromen). De mogelijke economische besparingen vragen om topdown ondersteuning en sturing vanuit het management. Daarnaast vraagt de toepassing van de methode expertise om consequenties van financiële en economische kosten in te passen in beleidsbeslissingen binnen de zorginstellingen.

Herziening van de geneesmiddelendistributie in het Sophia Kinderziekenhuis (Academisch Ziekenhuis Rotterdam) (Research Paper)

2000-01-01T00:00:00Z

Doelstelling: In het Sophia Kinderziekenhuis is onderzoek verricht ter optimalisering van het geneesmiddelendistributiesysteem. De geneesmiddelendistributie verloopt momenteel op sommige afdelingen via verpleegkundigen en op andere via apothekersassistenten in depotheken. Methoden: De beoordeling van beide distributiesystemen vond plaats aan de hand van de kwaliteitsindicatoren klantgerichtheid, effectiviteit en doelmatigheid. De klantgerichtheid is in kaart gebracht met behulp van interviews. Het vóórkomen van distributiefouten en microbiologische contaminatie zijn beschouwd als effectiviteitsmaten. De doelmatigheid is bepaald met een rekenmodel waarbij het geneesmiddelengebruik is gemeten en tijdmetingen en kostenberekeningen zijn uitgevoerd. Met behulp van het rekenmodel is een aantal alternatieve distributievormen doorgerekend. Resultaten: De geneesmiddeldistributie via depotheken is de meest optimale distributievorm binnen het kinderziekenhuis. De geneesmiddelenbereiding door apothekersassistenten komt tegemoet aan de toenemende complexiteit van medicatiebehoeften in een academisch kinderziekenhuis. Bij het bereiden treedt minder contaminatie op. Bovendien blijkt de depotheek het doelmatigste distributiesysteem te zijn. De nadelen van het systeem van depotheken in de huidige vorm betreffen voornamelijk de inefficiëntie van het registratiesysteem. Daarnaast vindt te weinig sturing plaats op integratie met het primaire proces. Discussie: Automatisering zal de inefficiëntie van het administratieve deel binnen het distributietraject via depotheken grotendeels wegnemen. Daarnaast wordt het management geadviseerd om aandacht te besteden aan meer afstemming met het primaire proces. Op langere termijn verdient uitbreiding van het depotheeksysteem de voorkeur, waarbij rekening zal moeten worden gehouden met zekere randvoorwaarden (bijvoorbeeld omtrent ruimten en ARBO-eisen). Het rekenmodel is onder bepaalde voorwaarden geschikt om ook buiten het Sophia te worden toegepast.

Integral costs of head and neck oncology (in Dutch) (Research Paper)

1999-01-01T00:00:00Z

OBJECTIVES: In the Netherlands, budgeting systems allocate funds to finance academic care. For some highly specialized treatments, it is felt that the costs are not well reimbursed. This study compared hospital reimbursements for head-neck oncology with real costs. To reflect future care costs, costs of required improvements in the quality of care were also estimated. DESIGN: This study was based on 854 consecutive patients treated between 1994-1996 in two university hospitals. Full costs of medical consumption were determined. RESULTS: Costs of diagnosis, treatment and two years of follow-up of patients with a primary head or neck carcinoma summed up to f 47848 (E 21712). For patients with a relapsed carcinoma, this amount was f 61088 (E 27721). After two years, the relapse rate is 40%. Costs per new patient were therefore calculated as 1*47848 + 0.4*61088. The costs of 10 years of follow-up were f 755 (E 343) after correction for survival. In total, average costs per new patient were f 73344 (E 33282), which covered costs of treating the primary tumour, costs of treating relapsed tumours in 40% of all patients and the costs of 10 years of follow-up. The current reimbursement is f 26786 (E 12155). Costs of enhancing quality of care (including enlarging doctor's time) were f 3700 (E 1679) per new patient. CONCLUSIONS: Actual costs of treating head-neck carcinoma are 2.88 times higher than the hospital reimbursement. The actual costs for this type of highly specialized care are not covered by the reimbursement system, which should therefore be revised.