Sparrow, R.A.

effect household child district labor tariff health remittances table percent spending trade liberalization children unemployment employment school share child labor estimate result child work trade level health spending increase plan jefes shock program market country plan participants education panel development participant analysis liberalization paper benefit study reduction change variable income individual incidence poverty indonesia information number applicant migration sector transition antenatal care control evidence revenue group sample characteristic source difference tariff exposure exposure tariff reductions percentage utilization probability period antenatal mother capital model ecuador 0.000 malnutrition investment capita october