Jansen, K.

remittances government policy exchange rate country increase growth revenue exchange level investment income education thailand model market capital ratio sector demand impact economy change philippine interest output effect deficit balance state enterprises table expenditure period development inflation study price export output gap state enterprise labor supply labour spending number paper worker government spending world result government debt figure interest rates equation account asian competitiveness decline income tax budget source service space variable interest rate system indicator channel consumption migration crisis capital flows value share household appreciation problem asian countries shock