Broekhuizen, M.L.A.

embryo stage heart retinoic chick all-trans retinoic acid hemodynamic blood right retinoic acid development pressure chick embryo velocity dorsal defect control model all-tran crest effect parameter figure aorta study broekhuizen aortic chapter venou clark heart rate gittenberger-de groot ac venous clip branch septal septal defect kirby volume anomaly system dorsal aorta treatment mechanism stroke volume doppier outlet stroke change artery blood flow stage 34 function outflow emblyo groot sham-operated embryos level sham-operated result peak acceleration chick embryos vitelline tract gittenberger-de growth systolic stage 24 outlet right ventricle outlet right ventricie analysis subaortic aftel ventricle peak systolic measurement clark eb venous clip embryos nonnal doppier velocity meter acceleration