Simons, S.H.P.

morphine neonate infant study effect patient children procedure concentration preterm score clearance chapter infusion response morphine infusion assessment outcome blood analgesia newborn pharmacokinetic group pressure trial treatment placebo pain assessment instrument opioid postoperative table figure preterm neonates plasma blood pressure arch dis child fentanyl surgery metabolite distribution pain scores anand volume scale variability suctioning result analysis randomized difference ventilatory support research therapy comfort parameter analgesic stress pediatr change infant pain profile receptor level anand kjs number development administration indicator support hypotension preterm infants analyses morphine requirements model observation duration 10 days birth child pain assessment instruments