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    <title>Waarts, E.</title>
    <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/aut/3489/</link>
    <description>List of Publications</description>
    <language>en</language>
    <image>
      <url>http://repub.eur.nl/static-eur/img/logo.png</url>
      <title>RePub, Erasmus University Rotterdam</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>New product announcements as market signals; A content analysis in the DRAM chip industry (Article)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/12488/</link>
      <pubDate>2006-02-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>New-product announcements (NPAs) have considerable effects on competitors in industrial markets. Several studies have shown that the perceived threat caused by an NPA may trigger severe competitive reactions. Yet, it is still unclear how the perception of threat by competitors is related to the specific content of the announcement.

This study explores the actual content of NPAs observed in a particular market. This is done through a multi-year content analysis of new-product announcements in the DRAM memory chip industry. The study analyzes patterns in the occurrence of attributes and demonstrates how firm strategy affects NPA content. Findings from this study provide important insights for managers about the design of NPAs. It also triggers further research on the use of NPAs in competitive industrial markets.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Marketing is nog nooit zo spannend geweest (Article)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/12595/</link>
      <pubDate>2005-04-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>Het maartnummer van het Tijdschrift voor Marketing
roept een sombere stemming op over marketing.
'Wie heeft de marketeer nog nodig?' verzucht onze
Groningse collega Peter Leeflang. Hij heeft angstvisioenen
over de verrninderde positie van marketing
in bedrijven, men luistert niet meer naar marketeers
en het ontbreekt marketeers aan kennis over hun vakgebied.
De hoofdredacteur doet er nog een schepje
bovenop door 'Marketing is ziek' boven zijn column te
plaatsen. In Rotterdam hebben we een optimistischer
kijk op de huidige ontwikkelingen in marketing en deze willen wij u niet onthouden.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Competition:an inspirational marketing tool (Inaugural Lecture)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/1519/</link>
      <pubDate>2004-08-26T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>Competition is the engine behind innovation and dynamics in the marketplace.
Sectors like public transport,water,energy and telecom are liberalized and deregulated by
nationalandinternationalgovernmentsinordertoincreasecompetitionamongcompanies.
The ultimate goals are to create transparent markets with ample opportunities for new
firms to enter, fair prices and a varied, innovative range of consumer products and
services. Competition may indeed stimulate firms to run faster, and to create better
products and services by using effectivemarketing practices.This can,for example,readily be
observed in the high technology sector. In that sense, competition can be an inspirational
and stimulating marketing tool. At the same time, competition can have destructive
effectsaswell,whenfirms’primarygoalsbecometobeat orharmtheircompetitors.Thiswas,
for example, recently the case in a taxi war in Amsterdam. Constructive and destructive
behaviours are partly determined by both the characteristics and rules of the market, the
manager and his company. Research is required to fully understand the effects of the
various factors on competitive behaviour and subsequently on the performance of the
market. This is essential, both for theory development, and for governments, companies
and consumers as well.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>New Product Announcements as Market Signals. A content analysis in the DRAM chip industry (Research Paper)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/328/</link>
      <pubDate>2003-05-07T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>New-product announcements (NPAs) have considerable effects on competitors in industrial markets. Several studies have shown that the perceived threat caused by an NPA may trigger severe competitive reactions. Yet it is still unclear how the perception of threat by competitors is related to the specific content of the announcement. In this study we explore the actual content of NPAs observed in a particular market. We do this through a multi-year content analysis of new-product announcements in the DRAM memory chip industry. We analyze patterns in the occurrence of attributes and demonstrate how firm strategy affects NPA content. Findings from this study provide important insights for managers about the design of NPAs. It also triggers further research on the use of NPAs in competitive industrial markets.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>A multi-country study of the adoption of ERP systems (Research Paper)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/280/</link>
      <pubDate>2003-03-10T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>Studies on the adoption of innovations by companies generally include
micro-level and meso-level variables in order to explain a company's
receptiveness to innovations. This study adds to the literature by
investigating the role of macro-level variables (i.e. national
culture) to explain differences in innovation penetration levels and
adoption decisions by companies across national cultures. A
large-scale empirical study was carried out in 10 European countries
concerning the adoption of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software
by mid size companies. Results indicate variables describing national
cultural to have a strong, significant influence on the innovation
penetration and adoption. In addition, we find adoption models
including micro-, meso- and macro-level variables to perform
significantly better in explaining innovation adoption across
countries than adoption models that only include micro- and meso-level
variables.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Competitiveness of Family Businesses (Research Paper)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/114/</link>
      <pubDate>2001-09-20T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>The purpose of this study is to systematically examine the advantages and disadvantages of different types of family businesses. We distinguish four different types of family businesses based on their family and business orientation: (1) House of Business, (2) Family Money Machine, (3) Family Life Tradition, and (4) Hobby Salon. In our empirical research among family businesses (n=220), we find that all four different types co-exist. In addition, we find that differences in family and business orientation result in different advantages and disadvantages with respect to performance indicators such as motivation, conflict resolution and continuity. Finally, our results indicate that, if a family firm would move along the dimensions of the orientation landscape, due to internal motivations or external circumstances, it will experience improvements on one or several criteria, but it may also encounter new concerns. These changing profiles in strengths and weaknesses can be viewed as mobility barriers or mobility opportunities when moving from one group to another.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Explaining Competitor’s Reactions to New Product Introductions: The Roles of Event Characteristics, Managerial Interpretation, and Competitive Context (Article)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/12497/</link>
      <pubDate>2000-01-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>Competitive reactions to new product introductions can be explained by observable characteristics related to the event, and by the interpretations of these factors by the defending competitors. A general model of competitive response is developed to explore the mediating role of interpretation factors between event characteristics and reaction decisions, and to study the contextual factors that moderate the relationship between event characteristics and interpretations. Results clearly demonstrate that if the interpretation factor is not taken into account researchers may overlook the influence of important variables explaining competitive reactions. Also, results indicate heterogeneity among managers regarding their interpretation of observable characteristics. Possible moderating factors are explored. The outcomes of this study are important both for new scientific insights in competitive reaction decision making, and for managers who act in the competitive arena.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Analysing competitive links in marketing : a three-level perspective (Doctoral Thesis)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/19194/</link>
      <pubDate>1996-11-28T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description></description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>The Key to Successful Euromarketing: Standardization or Customization? (Article)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/12503/</link>
      <pubDate>1996-01-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>Using a framework that incorporates notions from economics and consumer behavior, this paper examines the similarities and differences with respect to consumers and marketing infrastructure in the countries of the European Union. The conclusion is that there are tremendous differences in income levels and income spending patterns among the countries of the European Union and also major differences with respect to consumer values and lifestyles. Furthermore, the distribution and retailing environments as well as the media, differ considerably from one country to the other. The perspective of completely standardized marketing strategies for the whole European Union is still far removed. If a consumer homogenization process is taking place at all, such a process is likely to be slow. Suppliers (i.e., manufacturers and retailers) adopting Euro-oriented marketing strategies will contribute more to the emergence of the `European Consumer' than the autonomous cultural homogenization process.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Tachtig jaar Marketing (In Book)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/12593/</link>
      <pubDate>1993-01-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>In dit hoofdstuk wordt een schets gegeven van de ontwikkeling van het vakgebied
marketing vanaf 1913,het jaar waarin de Nederlandse Handelshogeschool
werd opgericht, tot aan dit jaar, 1993, waarin we het zestiende lustrum van de
Erasmus Universiteit vieren.
Benadrukt wordt het woord "schets": de auteurs zullen hun ideeen geven over
marketing in de afgelopen tachtig jaar zoals zij die hebben gevormd door literatuur,
overlevering en - voor het laatste gedeelte van deze periode - door eigen
waarneming. Er wordt niet gepretendeerd een complete geschiedschrijving van
de marketing aan te bieden.
Eerst wordt ingegaan op herkomst en ontstaan van marketing. Daarna worden
de belangrijkste theoretische invalshoeken die in de loop der tijd binnen
marketing zijn gehanteerd besproken, alsmede enkele andere kenmerkende
elementen van marketing in haar verdere groei. Tegen deze achtergrond wordt
vervolgens aandacht geschonken aan ontwikkelingen in marketing in Nederland
en in het bijzonder binnen de jubilerende instelling: de Erasmus Universiteit.
Na de bespreking van de ontwikkeling van het vakgebied over de afgelopen
tachtig jaar wordt de marketing geschetst zoals die zich in de praktijk heeft
afgespeeld bij twee Rotterdamse bedrijven in dezelfde periode. Dit geeft inzicht
in de wisselwerking tussen marketingtheorie en marketingpraktijk. Tenslotte
worden enkele elementen aangedragen voor het toekomstperspectief van
marketing.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Full-information Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Brand Positioning Maps Using Supermarkt Scanning Data (Article)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/12526/</link>
      <pubDate>1991-01-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>The authors build on the idea put forward by Shugan to infer product maps from scanning data. They demonstrate that the actual estimation procedure used by Shugan has several methodological problems and may yield unstable estimates. They propose an alternative estimation procedure, full-information maximum likelihood (FIML), which addresses the problems and yields significantly improved results. An important additional advantage of the procedure is that the parameters of the preference distribution can be estimated simultaneously with the brand coordinates. Hence, it is not necessary to assume a fixed (uniform) distribution of preferences. An empirical application is presented in which the outcomes obtained from Shugan's procedure are compared with those from the proposed procedure.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Spoort de OV-studentenkaart met de wensen in de markt? (Article)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/20522/</link>
      <pubDate>1991-01-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description>Hoeveel en welke studenten zijn voorstander respectievelijk tegenstander van de OV-studentenkaart en waarom? Dit waren enkele van de vragen die, voorafgaand aan de invoering van de verplichte OV-kaart (januari 1991), zijn onderzocht in voorjaar 1989 bij een steekproef van 931 studerenden aan het MBO, HBO en WO. Als theoretisch kader bij de analyse van deze vragen is gebruik gemaakt van het onderscheid dat Abell maakt in klantengroepen, klantenfuncties en alternatieve techno1ogieën en van het Fishbein en Ajzen attitudemodel. Het bleek destijds dat de helft van de studerenden de kaart een onaantrekkelijk nieuw produkt vond. Deze tegenstanders haddeneen reis- en vervoersgedrag waardoor zij zeer weinig openbaar
vervoerskosten maakten. Dit kwam ofwel omdat men weinig reisde (men woont dicht bij ouders en studieplek), ofwel omdat men wel veel reisde maar dit met eigen vervoer deed (autobezitters en meerijders, motor- of bromfiets). Beide groepen zouden er door de invoering van de kaart, bij ongewijzigd reis- en vervoersgedrag, financieel op achteruit gaan vanwege de korting op de basisbeurs. Compensatie van de financië1e achteruitgang door bet substitueren van eigen vervoer door openbaarvervoer werd problematisch geacht omdat men de bereikbaarheid van de reisdoelen met openbaar vervoer als slecht beoordeelde. Vergeleken met de tegenstanders reisden de voorstanders reeds veel met openbaar vervoer zodat zij financieel (vrijwel) quitte zouden spelen of er op vooruit zouden gaan.
Uit de intenties tot verandering in reisgedrag bleek dat er vooral een toename van het reisgedrag met het openbaar vervoer te verwachten was in de daluren (bezoeken aan familie, vrienden, recreatiedoelene.d.) en niet in de spits. Als belangrijkste conclusie van de resultaten kan genoemd worden dat wanneer een niet-verplichte OV-kaart geïntroduceerd zou zijn tegen een hogere prijs dan de huidige korting op de basisbeurs, dit beter zou hebben gespoord met de wensen in de markt dan de huidige verplichte OV-kaart.</description>
    </item> <item>
      <title>Marketing-onderzoek t.b.v. Tweede Fase-opleiding Algemeen Management (Research Report)</title>
      <link>http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/18390/</link>
      <pubDate>1984-01-01T00:00:00Z</pubDate>
      <description></description>
    </item>
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