Leeuwen, G. van

fi rms industry sub-optimal employee productivity compensation employee compensation scale audretsch factor differentials difference level factor netherland disadvantage differential labor plant strategy manufacturing fi rm size firm size increase extent statistic result table market mes level / int growth number sub-optimal scale firms dutch investment productivity gap output sector share economic state sub-optimal fi rms r &d intensity japan sub-optimal plants fi rm age class statistics netherlands production advantage organization 2 sls estimation japanese manufacturing sectors employment ficient thurik counterpart business scale economies presentation purposes david b paper metal products machinery policy sub-optimal fi rm journal equipment sub-optimal firms firm age organ signi degree suboptimal estimation percent employment compensation measure competition sub-optimal / japanese