Williams, J.C.

tutor student study teaching perspective behaviour belief education observation teacher congruence change classroom polytechnic expertise difference action course staff practice experience chapter research knowledge development level institution problem achievement semester process tutor behaviours qualification result question group approach leadership measure reform finding profile problem-based transmission performance 18 months survey intention subject factor instrument literature self-report model content evaluation school class facilitator pedagogy analysis quality student achievement effectiveness <.01 rating reliability example curriculum transmission perspective impact teaching perspectives inventory schmidt conclusion value journal apprenticeship pbl tutors tutor evaluation survey information