Skripova, O.

underwriter liability investor enforcement security enforcement tool market gatekeeping issuer information offering skripova prospectus price damage action company litigation settlement court underwriting statement section incentive class mechanism claim chapter system rule 10 b underwriter liability function disclosure problem result party misstatement level netherland practice state regime journal exchange negligence analysis regulation review gatekeeper loss causation investment activity amount plaintiff member representative issue threat stock requirement order defendant quality capital intermediary liability threat causation misstatement cases question underwriter gatekeeping duty reputation process basis example service economic monitoring provision european addition