Deng, W.

quality product quality product farmer certainty equivalent payoff member market payoff uncertainty production uncertainty income rights structure processor certainty production incentive equivalent structure quality incentive cooperative contract provision market uncertainty ratio self-processing governance structures income decision right policy payment membership price quality provision model governance membership size payment formula product quality provision iof processor membership size increases quality incentive strength level function base price risk aversion product quality level increase economic base payment section figure trade certainty payoff aversion decrease research supply utility journal coefficient formula competition free-riding strength enterprise processor self-processing farmers effort table production risk quality decisions trading series quality improvement disadvantage quality-differentiated market paper reservation erasmu management marketing