http://repub.eur.nl/res/aut/8491/ List of Publications en http://repub.eur.nl/static-eur/img/logo.png http://repub.eur.nl http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/22485/ 2011-04-01T00:00:00Z In the contemporary literature on urban systems, it is often suggested that the conceptualization of urban systems as monocentric spatial entities has become increasingly problematic. However, by analyzing employment and commuting patterns in English and Welsh city-regions between 1981 and 2001, it can be shown that not all city-regions are experiencing a shift toward a polycentric spatial structure. Although most city-regions in Southeast England and the Midlands are becoming more polycentric, the spatial structures of many city-regions in the North have not shown significant change. In fact, some are becoming more monocentric. In addition, polycentricity takes different forms, which indicates that the development of metropolitan spatial structure can be characterized as a heterogeneous spatial process. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/21790/ 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Background: Patients who undergo autologous femoropopliteal bypass surgery develop postoperative edema in the revascularized leg. The effects of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) to treat and to prevent postreconstructive edema were examined in this study. Methods: In a prospective randomized trial, patients were assigned to one of two groups. All patients suffered from peripheral arterial disease, and all were subjected to autologous femoropopliteal bypass reconstruction. Patients in group 1 used a compression stocking (CS) above the knee exerting 18 mmHg (class I) on the leg postoperatively for 1 week (day and night). Patients in group 2 used IPC on the foot postoperatively at night for 1 week. The lower leg circumference was measured preoperatively and at five postoperative time points. A multivariate analysis was done using a mixed model analysis of variance. Results: A total of 57 patients were analyzed (CS 28; IPC 29). Indications for operation were severe claudication (CS 13; IPC 13), rest pain (10/5), or tissue loss (7/11). Revascularization was performed with either a supragenicular (CS 13; IPC10) or an infragenicular (CS 15; IPC 19) autologous bypass. Leg circumference increased on day 1 (CS/IPC): 0.4%/2.7%, day 4 (2.1%/6.1%), day 7 (2.5%/7.9%), day 14 (4.7%/7.3%), and day 90 (1.0%/3.3%) from baseline (preoperative situation). On days 1, 4, and 7 there was a significant difference in leg circumference between the two treatment groups. Conclusions: Edema following femoropopliteal bypass surgery occurs in all patients. For the prevention and treatment of that edema the use of a class I CS proved superior to treatment with IPC. The use of CS remains the recommended practice following femoropopliteal bypass surgery. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/449/ 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z The class scheme of Erickson, Goldthorpe and Portocarero (EGP) has become a standard measure for determining the class position of workers. However this class scheme does not deal adequately with the structural changes in the post-industrial economy. Esping-Andersen proposed a better-suited alternative. This article elaborates on this and focuses on two elements. Firstly, it presents a coding scheme for translating job-scores of the Dutch occupational classification (SBC-92) into scores of the Esping-Andersen scheme. Secondly, this scheme is applied to changes in the employment structure of the Netherlands and the two biggest cities in the Netherlands (Amsterdam and Rotterdam) between 1992 and 1996. The article shows clearly the changing class structure of the Netherlands and the differences between the two cities. More important, however, is that the class structure of both cities evolves different. In Amsterdam the class structure of the traditional industrial sector ("the Fordist hierarchy") professionalised, while the class structure of the post-industrial sector ("the post-Fordist hierarchy") polarised. In Rotterdam the opposite holds true. These findings are highly relevant for recent discussions in urban sociology, and illustrate the relevance of the class-scheme of Esping-Andersen. The older EGP-scheme would not showed these diverging trends. Therefore it is necessary to use a class-scheme that accounts for the structural job changes related to the emerging post-industrial society. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/7781/ 1998-02-09T00:00:00Z Traditional labour supply theories stress economic variables as unemployment and wages to explain differences in labour supply behaviour. Nowadays a number of trends can be observed in the literature about labour supply theory and modelling: the integration of market-based and power based perspectives; the realization that social and cultural 'non-economic' factors influence economic functioning and the increasing importance to space. In this paper a concept will be presented, which contributes to the operationalization of these new perspectives in regional labour supply modelling: the life-style concept. Life-style is the relative importance to different careers and can be considered as a latent variable. Life-style groups are formed based on similar life-course patterns. These groups have different goals and choose a specific organizational framework in line with these goals. Various back-ground characteristics of persons are assumed to determine the life-style category someone belongs to. In this paper a review is made of the theory of the concept and its use in spatial research on the labour market. The life-style concept that will be used to model labour supply is specified and operationalized.