http://repub.eur.nl/res/col/9799/ List of Publications en http://repub.eur.nl/static-eur/img/logo.png http://repub.eur.nl http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32239/ 2002-11-01T00:00:00Z Strategic Planning is a process which permits the articulation of the initiatives of public and private stakeholders which seek synergies for the development of a city. It is about: • An adaptable, non-rigid methodology for which flexibility is an indispensable precondition. • A tool for local development which conceives strategic interventions that guarantee the quality of life, and economic and social progress. • A mechanism to promote progressive forms of governance, substantially improving local democracy through a real collaboration between public and private urban stakeholders. • A modern, participatory and democratic form of thinking about urban development which permits to establish a reference for all those economic and social actors who can harmonise their own strategies with those scenarios which are desired for their city or territory. • A new instrument which facilitates the management of a city in a period of frequent and substantial changes which stimulates the necessary imagination to deal with this.2 This document presents the experiences of Cordoba, Rosario and Buenos Aires in Argentina, Santiago de Chile, Santa Cruz de la Sierra and La Paz in Bolivia, Trujillo, various Districts of Lima in Peru, Bogotá in Colombia, and Havana in Cuba in the field of strategic urban planning and the implementation of such plans. Strategic Urban Planning comes with the promise of a fundamental change in the city, opening new routes towards the new millenium with programmes and projects that are really transforming, modernising and innovative. The document is divided into three main parts: • A discussion of the experiences of the strategic urban development plans of each city. • A brief presentation of the key themes of the Strategic Urban Development Plans of all cities included in this comparative study. • Specific and general conclusions. Steinberg, F. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32238/ 2002-05-01T00:00:00Z The aim of this research is to facilitate the country programmes (Zambia, Bolivia and Bangladesh) of SINPA in the process of improving urban management capacity in a manner that will be sustainable locally. The three countries initiated this process by bringing together existing local development partners and capacity building institutions so as to improve capacity. With this research new ideas and lessons learned can be taken into consideration for lightening the heavy tasks put on municipal shoulders, by providing ideas in creating new institutions in SINPA countries helpful in assisting local government with urban management issues. This specific research will be a case study on the role of capacity building and advisory organisations for urban management in The Netherlands. The emphasis will be on policy formulation and planning related issues rather than on implementation of policies. Noordhoek, M. Zwanenburg, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32253/ 2002-04-22T00:00:00Z The following report gives the proceedings of the final workshop for the SINPA-Zambia Project held at The Ibis Gardens on the 8-9th April 2002. Four key objectives were expected to be met at the end of SINPA – Zambia Project. These are: • Improved capacity of the Kitwe City Council staff in strategic areas; • Capacity building institutions (CBIs) specifically, CBU start running activities relevant to local government and its partners; • Improvement of linkages between demand and supply of capacity building services for urban development; • Documentation of relevant experiences and making the documents accessible to other Local Authorities and CBIs. Over the three years the SINPA-Zambia Project has run capacity building activities for the Kitwe City Council in the following priority areas: • Improvement of the revenue base of the KCC; • Improving the responsiveness of the KCC to needs of the stakeholders; • Refuse collection in the City As the project was coming to an end in mid April 2002 it was deemed necessary that an end of project workshop be held. The main objectives of the workshops were: • To look at the work that the SINPA-Zambia project has done and; • Identify the way forward for the capacity building activities in the local governance sector in Zambia Nkonkomalimba, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32233/ 2002-02-27T00:00:00Z This report is addressed to professionals and urban practitioners who are interested in participatory planning processes and in the establishment of organised priority setting mechanisms and decision-making involving government and communities on the allocation of public investments. Those who work in the public sector or with public policies at the local government level will benefit from the findings of the research particularly if their interest lies on the establishment of government-community management of public funds. The findings of the research will be instrumental for NGO’s and CBO’s that are engaged in partnerships with local governments. The primary objective of the research is to analyse and describe the experience of the municipality of Santo André with participatory budgeting hereinafter called OP ( Orçamento Participativo) depicted from interviews and observations of key actors and stakeholders directly involved in the OP, and from the analysis of internal documents of the municipality. The research also makes a first attempt to unveil issues underlying the integration of the participatory budgeting (OP) as a short-term planning activity and the recently started strategic planning process hereinafter called CF (Cidade Futuro) as a long-term development planning process. The research makes use of participants’ observations and qualitative methods and intends not only to analyse and describe in detail the OP and CF in Santo André but also questions to what extent this peculiar participatory process can be replicated in other municipalities seeking direct citizen involvement in municipal affairs. The authors attempt to look at the lessons learned from these experiences in order to depict issues, processes and methodologies that can be replicated in Bolivian municipalities and particularly in Santa Cruz de la Sierra. The authors look at this possibility against the enactment of legislation (Law of Popular Participation, Law on Municipalities, Sustainable Municipal Development Plan-SMDP) that seems to have created a conducive environment for genuine civil participation in urban management in Bolivian local governments. The Spanish report pays a particular attention to this dimension. Acioly, C. Herzog, A. Sandino, E. Andrade, V.H. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32248/ 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z This manual, supported by the School of the Built Environment at Copperbelt University and the Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies, The Netherlands, aims to bring together various aspects of Public Finance covered in the various workshops and seminars conducted by SINPA. It is intended that the Copperbelt University will use the manual as part of the requisite training material for accredited training in Public Finance, a branch of financial management now not seriously covered by local training institutions. This is important as current financial management training available in Zambia is commercial. The training therefore provides a bridge for professionals trained in commercial financial management into the public finance area. As the manual is in modular form, some concepts may be covered, to different degree in more than one module. Module one is a must read for all persons identified as target groups. The initial phases of the programme have been developed over the past three years in the context of SINPA Zambia, a Netherlands Government supported programme and in close cooperation of the Kitwe City Council which has been the focus of the SINPA Zambia programme. A number of pilot training courses have been undertaken with Kitwe City Council in the development of this programme. Chitembo, A. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32222/ 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z A partir de los años ochenta se inició una nueva etapa democrática en Bolivia, después de quince años de alternar entre gobiernos dictatoriales y constitucionales. La profundización de la democracia fue prolongada (1978-1982), costosa, lenta y complicada. El desarrollo de las democracias locales, como parte del proceso general, constituyó un paso importante en esta consolidación y estuvo marcada por la aprobación de leyes que promueven la descentralización y la participación popular, tendientes a fortalecer la institucionalidad pública y a mejorar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos, con una distribución más equitativa de los recursos financieros administrados bajo el régimen de vigilancia y control social. El proceso estuvo matizado por problemas de legitimidad y gobernabilidad. Una vez superados los unos se presentaron otros, generando un debate permanente y cambiante sobre el tema. Andia Fernández, L Cossio, H.C. Feldis Bannwart, J-P. Méndez Egüez, F. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32227/ 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z A partir de 1998, el IHS se vinculó al SINPA (Programa de apoyo para la implementación de planes nacionales de acción – Support for Implementation of National Plans of Action) financiado por la Dirección general de cooperación al desarrollo de los Países Bajos, junto con la ciudades de Tangail, Santa Cruz y Kitwe y los gobiernos correspondientes de Bangladesh, Bolivia y Zambia. La meta general del Programa SINPA es ayudar a implementar los planes de acción nacionales y la Agenda Hábitat, fortaleciendo la construcción de capacidad local sustentable para la planeación y gestión efectivas del desarrollo urbano. En términos más concretos, el programa busca ayudar al gobierno local y a sus contrapartes a construir capacidad de acción en las áreas más amplias relacionadas con la buena gobernabilidad, la planificación participativa, el alivio de la pobreza, la vivienda y los servicios básicos, y la gestión local ambiental. SINPA se concentra principalmente en la relación entre las organizaciones dedicadas a construir capacidad local (universidades, organizaciones profesionales, organizaciones no gubernamentales u ONG), por una parte, y entre el gobierno local y las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, por otra, con el fin de mejorar sus capacidades de tal forma que sus esfuerzos sean sustentables localmente. Noordhoek, M. Zwanenburg, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32221/ 2001-12-01T00:00:00Z http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32225/ 2001-12-01T00:00:00Z El programa de Apoyo para la Implementación de los Planes Nacionales de Acción SINPA (Support for Implementation of National Plans of Action) surge para dar cumplimiento a las políticas y directrices proclamadas durante la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas para los Asentamientos Humanos - HABITAT II (Estambul 1996) (UNCHS 1997) en tres ciudades de diferentes países. En Bolivia, SINPA materializa el fortalecimiento del Gobierno Municipal de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, ciudad tropical prometedora y de grandes contrastes (motor del desarrollo económico, concentra los mayores índices de pobreza absoluta del país), se rige por un convenio suscrito entre el gobierno municipal el Instituto de Estudios de Vivienda y Desarrollo Urbano IHS (Holanda) y dos universidades locales. El país de fuerte tradición centralista y con bajo nivel de relacionamiento y articulación entre los estamentos político y civil, introduce a partir de 1994 drásticas reformas al Estado una de las cuales es la descentralización que se da como municipalización. Con este surgimiento se presentan e identifican una serie de debilidades en los gobiernos locales para enfrentar las nuevas responsabilidades y competencias. SINPA es un intento de subsanar esta realidad desarrollando capacidades de gestión desde el interior del gobierno municipal, enfatizando la planificación desde cuatro pilares: gestión ambiental, fortalecimiento institucional, participación ciudadana y desarrollo económico local. Garnelo, M.L. Acioly, C. Steinberg, F. Zwanenburg, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32218/ 2001-11-01T00:00:00Z Alam, M.S. Nafees, M.S. Banarjee, B. Teerlink, H. Jansen, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32219/ 2001-11-01T00:00:00Z Support for Implementation of National Plans of Action or SINPA is a programme that aims to implement some of the ideas of Habitat II and National Plans of Action for Human Settlements by supporting efforts of pilot cities and disseminating the results. SINPA activities are carried out in three countries, Bangladesh, Bolivia and Zambia in three continents. Apart from these three programmes in three countries, SINPA also has a core programme at the Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies (IHS) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, responsible for overall coordination of the country specific programmes, research and dissemination. Under this core programme, a third country research component was designed to conduct a joint research together with a local research institute. There were two considerations for undertaking this research. First, the subject matter of the research should be relevant for the ongoing programmes in the three SINPA countries, as well as being suitable for wider international dissemination. And second, the selection criteria for the research subject should be manageable in such a manner that adequate secondary data and documentations are available to make the study feasible within budget and time limits. The responsibility of the present study on “Local Partnership Approach for Urban Development in Bangladesh” has been given by IHS to the Centre for Urban Studies, Dhaka, under the SINPA Core Programme Research Component. Nazem, N.I. Alam, M.S. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32223/ 2001-11-01T00:00:00Z El presente informe contiene un estudio de caso sobre “Evaluación del Proceso Consultivo Ciudadano en Villa el Salvador, Lima, Perú” realizado para el Instituto de Estudios de Vivienda y Desarrollo Urbano - IHS (Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies) y el Programa SINPA (Support for the Implementation of National Plans of Action - Habitat II), que realiza estudios en varios países de América Latina sobre procesos de gestión urbana con el objetivo de apoyar a los gobiernos locales al mejoramiento de su gestión urbana. Una misión fue ejecutada por Rein Skinner supervisor del IHS y el trabajo fue realizado por Julio Calderón Cockburn, Consultor, como investigador local, y por la Arq. Liliana Marulanda como investigadora del IHS. Como lineamientos guía para el desarrollo de la investigación, el equipo local ha seguido los lineamientos del documento “Diseño de Investigación para los Procesos Consultivos" proporcionado por el IHS. El informe final se orienta en términos de contenidos, estructura y presentación por el documento “Review of the Lusaka City Consultation Process”, aunque se han efectuado algunas modificaciones atendiendo a la peculiaridad del caso de Villa El Salvador (VES). Las preguntas de investigación han sido las siguientes: ¿Cuáles son los resultados e impactos del proceso consultivo sobre la gobernanza urbana, la reducción de la pobreza y el medio ambiente urbano?; ¿ Qué lecciones pueden ser aprendidas de esas experiencias? Y ¿Cómo puede efectuarse un seguimiento de las acciones a ser recomendadas? Calderon, J. Marulanda, L. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32224/ 2001-11-01T00:00:00Z La presente documentación se realiza en el marco del Programa SINPA (Support to the implementation of the National Plans of Action) el cual se viene implementando en la ciudad de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. El SINPA es un programa piloto de apoyo a la implementación de los acuerdos suscritos en la conferencia Habitat II realizada en Estambul en 1996 y se viene aplicando en tres ciudades en los países de Zambia, Bangladesh y Bolivia. El programa SINPA es financiado por el Gobierno de los Países Bajos y es ejecutado por el Instituto de Estudios de Vivienda y Desarrollo Urbano (IHS) con sede en Roterdam, Holanda. Los contrapartes del programa son la Municipalidad de Santa Cruz de la Sierra y dos prestigiosas universidades locales. Temas como la planificación participativa y concertada, estilos de manejo del gasto público como es el presupuesto participativo pueden ser muy relevantes ya que influencian positivamente la gestión local, el desarrollo y la gobernabilidad. La experiencia que presentamos sobre Villa El Salvador, hace referencia al proceso del Presupuesto Participativo, como una manera de administrar las inversiones municipales de una forma transparente y con la participación de los actores relevantes. Esta experiencia se viene desarrollando en Villa El Salvador, distrito que ha logrado significativos avances en su consolidación, gracias al esfuerzo compartido y los avances en sus niveles de organización y desarrollo humano de sus pobladores gracias al trabajo conjunto y decidido de sus dirigentes y pobladores. El documento presenta el contexto general en el cual se da esta experiencia, haciendo referencia al marco físico, social y de gestión de VES. Dentro del contexto se incluye una síntesis del proceso de formulación del Plan Integral de Desarrollo como elemento articulador del Presupuesto Participativo al desarrollo local. Seguidamente, se hace una descripción detallada de la gestión del presupuesto participativo, sus antecedentes, los objetivos, los actores participantes, las etapas del proceso y las percepciones de los diferentes actores sobre el PP. Para finalizar el documento elabora sobre las lecciones aprendidas, los aspectos posibles de replicar y las conclusiones generales de esta experiencia. En la historia de VES, se han dado algunas experiencias en la definición de los presupuestos del distrito y que ahora se denomina Presupuesto Participativo. Cuando se crea el Asentamiento Humano VES, la organización central, CUAVES, asume el rol de gestor y ejecutor del presupuesto decidiendo en las asambleas Distritales las obras y priorizando acciones. Con esta dinámica se maneja el presupuesto del asentamiento de ese entonces. Más adelante cuando se crea la municipalidad en 1983, en la lógica del co-gobierno, se llega a decidir no sólo el monto sino también el destino del impuesto predial por parte de la organización vecinal CUAVES. En el periodo de gestión la gestión (1990 - 1992) el manejo presupuestal se dio transfiriendo la totalidad de los tributos de la municipalidad a la CUAVES. Esto se llevó a cabo sin ningún plan específico y se procedió a distribuir este dinero por partes iguales entre el total de Grupos Residenciales. Bajo este esquema la cantidad para cada Grupo era mínima y en consecuencia no se logró realizar obras de impacto social. El manejo no fue muy acertado. Echegaray, G.C. Marulanda, L. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32232/ 2001-10-01T00:00:00Z The Strategic Plan of Córdoba (PEC) is one of the few strategic urban development plans in Latin America which has actually been implemented in the majority of its components. The PEC was conceived as a collective and global project of the city as a whole without excessive protagonism or special ownership by a few. The PEC integrated a policy of public works – oriented at the “social debt” which existed in the city – with a work on urbanistic norms and directions and economic development. The PEC as a space for articulation achieved to organise a great number of representatives from civil society organisations, achieving legitimacy and representation in the work of the PEC. Vanella, R. Lucca, C. di Pittari, J.R. Steinberg, F. Zwanenburg, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32240/ 2001-10-01T00:00:00Z The Strategic Plan of Cordoba (SPC) is one of the few strategic urban development plans in Latin America, which has actually been implemented in the majority of its components. The SPC was conceived as a collective and global project of the city as a whole without excessive conflicting interests or special ownership by a few. The SPC integrated a policy of public works – oriented at the “social debt” which existed in the city – with a work on urban norms and directions and economic development. The SPC as a space for articulation achieved to organise a great number of representatives from civil society organisations, achieving legitimacy and representation in the work of the SPC. The SPC has given a new orientation and increased the municipal capacity to manage the city. The SPC has developed innovative and participatory forms of management (e.g. the Follow-Up and Monitoring Groups, with their annual meetings for presenting audit reports known as “presenting the bills”). The population has perceived the incentive to participate in the planning process of the SPC since it was possible to propose concrete projects, as long as these were feasible. The SPC has pursued the detailed feasibility study of a number of these projects others have been delegated to sectoral agencies. The SPC has shown flexibility in the incorporation of new projects, and there existed two directions of work initiatives: “top-down” project planning for the big “strategic” projects of global importance, and it stimulated “bottom-up” planning of projects that reflected the social demand side. It needs to be noted that the SPC has known how to mobilise and diversify sources of finance of its projects and been able to obtain additional funding. Financing agencies like the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) have appreciated the SPC as a reference of a consensus-based Programme. The formulation of the SPC has been executed, basically, with own resources of the municipality. Nevertheless, in certain moments it has been difficult for the Municipal Technical Team (MTT) to establish commitment and willingness to cooperate between civil society and the municipal government. For example, the MTT was seen as an “elite team” by other municipal units. The Municipal Council conceived the participation of citizens as a kind of competition. The members of the Municipal Council did not participate regularly in the workshops and meetings of the SPC. Vanella, R. Lucca, C. Pittari, J.R. Steinberg, F. Zwanenburg, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32250/ 2001-07-01T00:00:00Z This study is the second one done under the SINPA Zambia project in Solid Waste Management. SINPA Zambia is a capacity building project on Local Government in Zambia and has been working with the Kitwe City Council (KCC) as a pilot. The project identified solid waste management as one of the 5 key areas where the KCC needed help in terms of capacity building. The first report was meant to establish the current situation in SWM in the City of Kitwe. It established that there was no information on the quantities and types of solid waste that was being generated in the city. Without information like that it would be difficult for the KCC to be able to plan properly and also to work out strategies of dealing with the problem of SWM. This was even more important given the fact that the KCC was going through a very difficult period financially. As a result one of the key recommendations from that report was the need for a follow up study which was going to establish not only the amount of SWM generated but also what types are generated and the sources where they are coming from. Kazimbaya-Senkwe, B. Mwale, A.H. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32235/ 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z This seminar report is about the Sinpa programme. Therefore a brief explanation of the objectives and project history is provided in this chapter to serve as background information for what is to follow. Objectives of the SINPA programme The overall goal of the SINPA programme is to help implement National Plans of Action and the Habitat Agenda by building sustainable local capacity for effective planning and management of urban development. More concretely, the programme aims to assist local government and its partners in capacity building for action in the broad areas of housing, local environmental management and participative planning processes and partnerships relating to these subjects. It especially focuses on the challenges of improving access to services and better environment for the urban poor, with particular regard to gender issues. The broad objectives of the programme are: • to stimulate the development of local capacity building strategies; • to stimulate selected local and national capacity building institutions to become more responsive to needs and to enhance quality of performance; • to stimulate urban stakeholders to learn from relevant past and ongoing experience with implementing urban development policy and projects; • to improve understanding and communication of experience relevant to needs of city development in the linked areas of housing, environmental management, participative planning and partnerships. SINPA aims to achieve these objectives by helping to bring local development partners and capacity building institutions together so as to improve capacity in a manner that will be sustainable locally. The programme is structured in a core programme, which provides co-ordination, information inputs, linkage and dissemination, and three country programmes that are developed locally in response to local issues. The country programmes are being implemented in secondary cities in Bangladesh, Bolivia and Zambia. The SINPA programme adopts a process Herzog, A. Dool, L. van den Davidson, F. Skinner, R. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32220/ 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z El Gobierno Municipal reconociendo la labor de las instituciones que desarrollan trabajos a favor de nuestra ciudad y áreas rurales para salvaguardar el medio ambiente, a liderizado un proceso de planificación participativa y estratégica del cual resulto como producto el plan de desarrollo municipal sostenible (PDMS), el mismo indica que se debe conformar un comité ciudadano, capaz y eficiente que desde fuera y del aparato municipal garantice un control adecuado en el manejo de los problemas derivados de la actividad y que estas se puedan seleccionar, convocar, conformar, informar, capacitar y poner en marcha. El tema ambiental ha sido tratado en la planificación distrital como un tema principal con valiosos aportes sectoriales de organizaciones de nuestra sociedad, por lo que actualmente el gobierno municipal cuenta con lineamientos estratégicos y políticos que deben implementar con el concurso de actores municipales. Por este motivo es que el 09 de marzo de 2000 se llevo a cabo el primer encuentro de Instituciones y Organizaciones Ambientales del Municipio de Santa Cruz, como una estrategia para aunar esfuerzos interinstitucionales, para coordinar, planificar, intercambiar experiencias, compartir, consensuar un plan de actividades y conformar una comisión institucional dedicada al medio ambiente. El proceso desarrollado durante 8 meses entre consultas y reuniones ,se fueron agrupando por áreas y especialidades a las instituciones participantes, la misma sirvió para elegir los delegados al directorio, una de las sugerencias planteadas por los miembros fue que las aéreas mas grandes tengan mayor representación y cada representante al directorio tenga un suplente para permitir la fluidez de la información, es en tal sentido que Educación Ambiental tiene 4 delegados, Biodiversidad representado por 1 delegado, Normativa 1 delegado, Residuos Sólidos 1 delgado, este directorio fue elegido por los participantes en la ultima reunión realizada en la Casa Municipal de Cultura. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32230/ 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z Este libro tiene como objetivo principal, presentar algunos trabajos del SINPA que contribuyeron y representan “Avances en la Gestión Urbana”. Estos artículos son fruto de la experiencia del proyecto SINPA como aporte a los cambios y procesos de fortalecimiento de la gestión urbana en el Municipio de Santa Cruz de la Sierra. La experiencia y lecciones aprendidas en estos últimos tres años, son extremadamente actuales en el año en que la comunidad internacional se reunió para evaluar la experiencia urbana de HABITAT+5, cinco años después de la II Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas para los Asentamientos Humanos (Hábitat II, Estambul 1996) (UNCHS, 1997). Uno de los puntos clave de las recomendaciones de esta Conferencia fue la necesidad de que los gobiernos locales establezcan asociaciones con organizaciones de la sociedad civil, en los procesos de planificación y gestión urbana. Otra línea directriz de Hábitat II fue la profundización de políticas sostenibles de desarrollo urbano, tomando en cuenta los principios ya consagrados en el capítulo 7 de la Agenda 21 (UNEP, 1992). Steinberg, F. Garnelo, M.L. Zwanenburg, M. http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/32231/ 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z Strategic Planning is a process which permits the articulation of the initiatives of public and private stakeholders which seek synergies for the development of a city. It is about: • An adaptable, non-rigid methodology for which flexibility is an indispensable precondition. • A tool for local development which conceives those strategic interventions that guarantee the quality of life, and the economic and social progress. • A mechanism to promote progressive forms of governance, substantially improving democracy through a real collaboration between public and private urban stakeholders. • A modern, participatory and democratic form of thinking about urban development which permits to establish a reference for all those economic and social actors who can harmonise their own strategies with those scenarios which are desired for their city or territory. • A new instrument which facilitates the management of a city in a period of frequent and substantial changes which stimulates the necessary imagination to deal with this.2 This document presents the experiences of Córdoba, Rosario and Buenos Aires in Argentina, Santiago de Chile, Santa Cruz de la Sierra and La Paz in Bolivia, Trujillo, various Districts of Lima, Bogotá, in Colombia, and Havana in Cuba in the field of strategic urban planning and the implementation of such plans. Strategic Urban Planning comes with the promise of a fundamental change in the city, opening new routes towards the new millenium with programmes and projects that are really transforming, modernising and innovative. The document is divided into three main parts: • A brief presentation of the key orientations of the Strategic Urban Development Plans of all cities included in this comparative study. • A set of questions and the respective answers for each city. • Specific and general conclusions. Steinberg, F.