http://repub.eur.nl/res/concept/jel-F20/ Recent publications classified by JEL Code F20 en http://repub.eur.nl/static-eur/img/logo.png http://repub.eur.nl http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/12978/ 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z The theoretically necessary and sufficient condition for the correspondence between ‘revealed’comparative advantage and pre-trade relative prices derived by Hillman (1980) is analyzed empricially for virtually all countries of the world over an extended period of time. This yields 10 stylized facts, including that (i) violations of the Hillman condition are small as a share of the number of observations, but quite substantial as a share of the value of world exports, (ii) violations occur relatively frequent in the period 1970 – 1984 while they hardly ever occur in the period 1985 – 1997, and (iii) violations occur foremost in primary product and natural-resource intensive sectors, for sectors in countries in Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. The condition appears also to be useful for identifying erroneous trade flow classifications. Hinloopen, J. Marrewijk, J.G.M. van http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/6662/ 2004-02-10T00:00:00Z We analyze the empirical violation of the Hillman condition, a necessary and sufficient condition for the correspondence between comparative advantage and pre-trade relative prices. Our comprehensive data set allows us to investigate the Hillman condition for virtually all countries of the world, over an extended period of time, for many sectors, and for different levels of aggregation. Violations of the Hillman condition are small as a share of the number of observations, but can be substantial as a share of the value of world exports. Measured either way, violations occurred much more frequently in the 1970s and early 1980s, a difference mostly caused by the two oil crises. As the condition is useful for identifying various anomalies, we argue that it should be included as a standard diagnostic test for empirical studies into comparative advantage. Hinloopen, J. Marrewijk, J.G.M. van http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/13041/ 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z International transfers have attracted the attention of economists ever since the famous debate between Keynes and Ohlin on German reparation payments after World War I. Today the subject is of even greater importance with billions of dollars flowing between nations as unilateral transfers. However the emphasis has shifted from balance-of-payments issues to the welfare consequences following a transfer, and in particular the welfare issues arising from aid to developing countries. In The Economics of International Transfers Professors Brakman and van Marrewijk present a complete overview of transfers (including the history of transfers and current transfer flows), and their own unified framework in which they present important and original research. Subjects considered include welfare effects, distortions, third parties, rent-seeking, the ‘trade or aid’ discussion, multi-lateral agencies, tied aid and imperfect competition. Brakman, S. Marrewijk, J.G.M. van http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/13045/ 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z A two-country trade model of foreign aid is developed. The aid-receiving country suffers from Harris-Todaro type unemployment. Aid is either untied, tied to sector-specific capital, or tied to intersectorally mobile capital. These types of aid are compared by examining their terms-of-trade and welfare effects to show that (i) welfare paradoxes are possible, (ii) the world as a whole may gain from aid, (iii) a conflict of interest concerning the type of aid may arise between donor and recipient, and (iv) under plausible conditions untied aid is better for the recipient and the world. Michael, M.S. Marrewijk, J.G.M. van