Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disease after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Molecular monitoring and early treatment of high-risk patients

EBV DNA levels should be monitored in patients with high-risk features. Early treatment may be instituted at predefined DNA levels (preemptive approach) or at the earliest signs of LPD (prompt approach). Stepwise treatment guided by EBV DNA, including interruption of immunosuppression, rituximab, and adoptive T-cell immunotherapy may all add to the low mortality currently associated with LPD following allogeneic stem cell transplantation.