T cell-independent development and induction of somatic hypermutation in human IgM+IgD+CD27+ B cells
September 2008
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IgM+IgD+CD27+ B cells from peripheral blood have been described as circulating marginal zone B cells. It is still unknown when and where these cells develop. These IgM+IgD +CD27+ B cells exhibit somatic hypermutations (SHMs) in their B cell receptors, but the exact nature of the signals leading to induction of these SHMs remains elusive. Here, we show that IgM+IgD +CD27+ B cells carrying SHMs are observed during human fetal development. To examine the role of T cells in human IgM +IgD+CD27+ cell development we used an in vivo model in which Rag2-/-γc-/- mice were repopulated with human hematopoietic stem cells. Using Rag2 -/-γc-/- mice on a Nude background, we demonstrated that development and induction of SHMs of human IgM +IgD+CD27+ B cells can occur in a T cell - independent manner.
- article
- human
- Animals
- Humans
- Mice
- priority journal
- controlled study
- Mutation
- human cell
- mouse
- nonhuman
- T lymphocyte
- Signal Transduction
- in vivo study
- Antigens
- hematopoietic stem cell
- T-Lymphocytes
- B lymphocyte
- Immunoglobulin M
- Fetal Blood
- B-Lymphocytes
- CD27 antigen
- CD27
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells
- Immunoglobulin D
- Inbred BALB C
- Knockout
- Nude
- fetus development
- immunoglobulin D
- immunoglobulin M
- somatic hypermutation
