Guidelines for pre-operative cardiac risk assessment and perioperative cardiac management in non-cardiac surgery: The task force for preoperative cardiac risk assessment and perioperative cardiac management in non-cardiac surgery of the European society of Cardiology (ESC) and endorsed by the European society of anaesthesiology (ESA)


Article
volume 27, issue 2 pp 92-137.
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The disclosure forms of all the authors and reviewers are available on the ESC website www.escardio.org/guidelines.



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