Elsevier

Fertility and Sterility

Volume 90, Issue 5, November 2008, Pages 2017.e19-2017.e22
Fertility and Sterility

Case report
Embryonic delay in growth and development related to confined placental trisomy 16 mosaicism, diagnosed by I-Space Virtual Reality

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1721Get rights and content
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Objective

To demonstrate the use of a novel three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) system in the visualization of first trimester growth and development in a case of confined placental trisomy 16 mosaicism (CPM+16).

Design

Case report.

Setting

Prospective study on first trimester growth using a 3D VR system.

Patient(s)

A 34-year-old gravida 1, para 0 was seen weekly in the first trimester for 3D ultrasound examinations.

Intervention(s)

Chorionic villus sampling was performed because of an enlarged nuchal translucency (NT) measurement and low pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A levels, followed by amniocentesis.

Result(s)

Amniocentesis revealed a CPM+16. On two-dimensional (2D) and 3D ultrasound no structural anomalies were found with normal fetal Dopplers. Growth remained below the 2.3 percentile. At 37 weeks, a female child of 2010 g (<2.5 percentile) was born. After birth, growth climbed to the 50th percentile in the first 2 months.

Conclusion(s)

The I-Space VR system provided information about phenotypes not obtainable by standard 2D ultrasound. In this case, the delay in growth and development could be observed very early in pregnancy. Since first trimester screening programs are still improving and becoming even more important, systems such as the I-Space open a new era for in vivo studies on the physiologic and pathologic processes involved in embryogenesis.

Key Words

Confined placental mosaicism
trisomy 16
virtual reality
Carnegie stages
3D ultrasound

Cited by (0)

C.M.V.-D. has nothing to disclose. P.N.A.C.M.vH. has nothing to disclose. A.H.J.K. has nothing to disclose. R.-J.H.G. has nothing to disclose. N.E. has nothing to disclose. E.A.P.S. has nothing to disclose.

An abstract of this case report has been accepted for poster presentation at the 18th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, which will be held on August 25, 2008, in Chicago, Illinois.