A dominant control region from the human β-globin locus conferring integration site-independent gene expression.

The regulatory elements that determine the expression pattern of a number of eukaryotic genes expressed specifically in certain tissues have been defined and studied in detail. In general, however, the expression conferred by these elements on genes reintroduced into the genomes of cell lines and transgenic animals has turned out to be at a low level relative to that of endogenous genes, and influenced by the chromosomal site of insertion of the exogenous construct. We have previously shown that if regions flanking the human beta-globin locus are introduced into the mouse genome along with the human beta-globin gene, a level of expression comparable to that of endogenous genes can be achieved that is also independent of integration site. We have now defined a dominant control region with these properties consisting of 6.5 kilobases of DNA encompassing erythroid cell-specific DNase I hypersensitive sites. The identification of such dominant control regions could have important applications in somatic gene therapy.