We present a case of a 2-year-old girl, who developed concomitant EBV-related B-cell proliferation and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). JMML was initially not recognized because of predominant B-cell proliferation. The activating N-RAS mutation was retrospectively already detectable at this early stage. Our findings support the hypothesis that EBV may contribute to JMML pathogenesis by stimulating pre-existing malignant clones. However, such stimulation of leukemic clone does not require the direct incorporation of the virus into myeloid progenitors. Most probably a cytokine burst resulting from EBV infection allows expansion of pre-existing malignant myeloid progenitors. Further studies are required to delineate exact mechanisms of EBV-related promotion of the JMML clone.

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doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2007.05.017, hdl.handle.net/1765/29422
Leukemia Research: clinical and laboratory studies
Erasmus MC: University Medical Center Rotterdam

Janik-Moszant, A., Barć-Czarnecka, M., van der Burg, M., Langerak, A., Hartwig, N., Vossen, A., … Szczepanski, T. (2008). Concomitant EBV-related B-cell proliferation and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia in a 2-year-old child. Leukemia Research: clinical and laboratory studies, 32(1), 181–184. doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2007.05.017