Effective Detection and Treatment of Amblyopia: Addressing Noncompliance

Amblyopia (a ‘lazy eye’) is commonly defined as a decrease in visual acuity (sight) in either or both eyes which persists after correction of the refractive error (by wearing glasses) and / or removal of any pathological obstacle to vision (Ansons et al. 2009). In the clinical setting amblyopia is generally expressed as a loss of visual acuity, and it usually presents itself during the ophthalmological examination by the ophthalmologist or the orthoptist (Levi 2006). It is usually associated with the presence of amblyogenic factors such as strabismus (ocular misalignment causing each eye to have a different image on the fovea), a refractive error (one foveal image is more blurred than the other); or, in rare cases, deprivation of a clear retinal image (physical obstruction, e.g. infantile cataract or ptosis) (Ciuffreda 1991; Von Noorden 1967, 1985; Von Noorden et al. 2002b).

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