Persistent inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation: long-term (up to 2 years) clinical, angiographic, and intravascular ultrasound follow-up.

Background— Early results of sirolimus-eluting stent implantation showed a nearly complete abolition of neointimal hyperplasia. The question remains, however, whether the early promising results will still be evident at long-term follow-up. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficiency of sirolimus-eluting stent implantation for up to 2 years of follow-up. Methods and Results— Fifteen patients with de novo coronary artery disease were treated with 18-mm sirolimus-eluting Bx-Velocity stents (Cordis) loaded with 140 µg sirolimus/cm2 metal surface area in a slow release formulation. Quantitative angiography (QCA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were performed according to standard protocol. Sirolimus-eluting stent implantation was successful in all 15 patients. During the in-hospital course, 1 patient died of cerebral hemorrhage after periprocedural administration of abciximab, and 1 patient underwent repeat stenting after 2 hours because of edge dissection that led to acute occlusion. Through 6 months and up to 2 years of follow-up, no additional events occurred. QCA analysis revealed no significant change in stent minimal lumen diameter or percent diameter stenosis, and 3-dimensional IVUS showed no significant deterioration in lumen volume. In 2 patients, additional stenting was performed because of significant lesion progression remote from the sirolimus-eluting stent. Conclusion— Sirolimus-eluting stents showed persistent inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia for up to 2 years of follow-up.

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