Wnt target genes identified by DNA microarrays in immature CD34+ thymocytes regulate proliferation and cell adhesion
January 2004
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The thymus is seeded by very small numbers of progenitor cells that undergo massive proliferation before differentiation and rearrangement of TCR genes occurs. Various signals mediate proliferation and differentiation of these cells, including Wnt signals. Wnt signals induce the interaction of the cytoplasmic cofactor beta-catenin with nuclear T cell factor (TCF) transcription factors. We identified target genes of the Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF pathway in the most immature (CD4-CD8-CD34+) thymocytes using Affymetrix DNA microarrays in combination with three different functional assays for in vitro induction of Wnt signaling. A relatively small number (approximately 30) of genes changed expression, including several proliferation-inducing transcription factors such as c-fos and c-jun, protein phosphatases, and adhesion molecules, but no genes involved in differentiation to mature T cell stages. The adhesion molecules likely confine the proliferating immature thymocytes to the appropriate anatomical sites in the thymus. For several of these target genes, we validated that they are true Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF target genes using real-time quantitative PCR and reporter gene assays. The same core set of genes was repressed in Tcf-1-null mice, explaining the block in early thymocyte development in these mice. In conclusion, Wnt signals mediate proliferation and cell adhesion, but not differentiation of the immature thymic progenitor pool.
- Child
- Animals
- Humans
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Mice
- Transfection
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology
- *Zebrafish Proteins
- Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1
- Wnt Proteins
- beta Catenin
- Genes, Reporter
- Proteins/genetics/physiology
- Transcription Factors/genetics/physiology
- Transduction, Genetic
- Cell Differentiation/genetics/immunology
- Cell Division/genetics/immunology
- *Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Antigens, CD34/*biosynthesis
- Cell Adhesion/genetics/immunology
- Cell-Free System/physiology
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics/physiology
- Lithium Chloride/pharmacology
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics/isolation & purification/physiology
- Retroviridae/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects/genetics/immunology
- T Cell Transcription Factor 1
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology/*immunology/*metabolism
- Trans-Activators/genetics/physiology
- Thymus Gland/cytology/*immunology/*metabolism
- thymocyte
- wnt target genes
- target
- catenin
- cd 34 thymocytes
- target genes
- protein
- factor
- signal
- expression
- microarray
- transcription
- experiment
- cl 100 phosphatase
- wnt signals
- development
- fibronectin
- treatment
- induction
- proliferation
