Lead composite vs. nonlead protective garments: Which are better? A multivendor comparison

This study aims to provide more insight in attenuation characteristics and corresponding lead (Pb) equivalences of a broad range of commercially available lead composite and nonlead protective garments. Thirty garments of five manufacturers (listed as 0.25-0.35-0.50mm Pb equivalent) were tested. Transmission values were determined at 70, 90 and 110 kVp using an inverse broad beam geometry. Pb equivalence was determined using lead sheets as reference material. A substantial variability in photon transmission across garments was found. Differences between lead composite and nonlead garments were not statistically significant. Depending on tube voltage, between 9 and 12 out of 30 garments had a lower Pb equivalence than the indicated value. This work shows that lead equivalence as indicated on a garment's label may overestimate its protective performance. Depending on the application a more thorough verification of the effectiveness of protective garments at the desired kVp is warranted.

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