2017-10-01
Comparison of Kaposi Sarcoma risk in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults across 5 continents: A multiregional multicohort study
Publication
Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases , Volume 65 - Issue 8 p. 1316- 1326
Background: We compared Kaposi sarcoma (KS) risk in adults who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) across the Asia-Pacific, South Africa, Europe, Latin, and North America. Methods: We included cohort data of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adults who started ART after 1995 within the framework of 2 large collaborations of observational HIV cohorts. We present incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs). Results: We included 208 140 patients from 57 countries. Over a period of 1 066 572 person-years, 2046 KS cases were diagnosed. KS incidence rates per 100 000 person-years were 52 in the Asia-Pacific and ranged between 180 and 280 in the other regions. KS risk was 5 times higher in South African women (aHR, 4.56; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 2.73-7.62) than in their European counterparts, and 2 times higher in South African men (2.21; 1.34-3.63). In Europe, Latin, and North America KS risk was 6 times higher in men who have sex with men (aHR, 5.95; 95% CI, 5.09-6.96) than in women. Comparing patients with current CD4 cell counts ≥700 cells/μL with those whose counts were <50 cells/μL, the KS risk was halved in South Africa (aHR, 0.53; 95% CI, .17-1.63) but reduced by ≥95% in other regions. Conclusions. Despite important ART-related declines in KS incidence, men and women in South Africa and men who have sex with men remain at increased KS risk, likely due to high human herpesvirus 8 coinfection rates. Early ART initiation and maintenance of high CD4 cell counts are essential to further reducing KS incidence worldwide, but additional measures might be needed, especially in Southern Africa.
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doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix480, hdl.handle.net/1765/102758 | |
Clinical Infectious Diseases | |
Organisation | Erasmus MC: University Medical Center Rotterdam |
Rohner, E. (Eliane), Bütikofer, L. (Lukas), Schmidlin, K. (Kurt), Sengayi, M. (Mazvita), Maskew, M. (Mhairi), Giddy, J. (Janet), … Bohlius, J. (Julia). (2017). Comparison of Kaposi Sarcoma risk in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults across 5 continents: A multiregional multicohort study. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 65(8), 1316–1326. doi:10.1093/cid/cix480 |