Chapter VI CMR regulates the international carriage of goods by road performed by successive carriers.1 The concept was borrowed from the Convention of Berne of 1890, the first international transport convention (on the international carriage of goods by rail). It may indeed have been necessary to regulate the position of the successive carrier in those days, but nowadays it makes little practical sense any more. Besides, the CMR provisions on successive carriage are interpreted differently in the different jurisdictions, and sometimes even mistakenly applied to straightforward contracts of sub-carriage. The 'successive carrier' has become a redundant relic from the past.