Diversity in Work: The Heterogeneity of Women's Employment Patterns

Employment patterns are gender-driven, yet analyses of women's employment have yet to explain this diversity across time. This article examines the variation in women's employment patterns across time and across countries. It focuses on the effects of individual differences in educational level, marital status and motherhood in The Netherlands, Germany and the UK across four birth cohorts for the period 1992-2002. The results from a quantitative study using panel data confirm the diversity in women's employment. At the same time, cross-country variation is evident. While the results of this study confirm the diversity evident in women's employment patterns, they also attempt to explain the nature of this diversity. The analyses presented in this article demonstrate that the diversity in women's employment is persistent, yet dynamic. Furthermore, the diversity in employment is clearly marked by the division between parental and non-parental employment, which has important implications for our theoretical understanding of women's employment.

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