The development of a complete organism from one single cell is a fascinating phenomenon, that has attraCted attention from earliest times. However analysis of the mechanism underlying this process has proved difficult. This thesis forms a new attempt. In tl~ introduction, a few lines along which earlier and present-day embryologists have successfully or unsuccessfully tried to elucidate some of these mechanisms are described. Our own work on haemoglobin synthesis during ontogeny is discussed in relation to the literature.