Treatment of pacemaker-induced superior vena cava syndrome by balloon angioplasty and stenting

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is a rare but serious complication after pacemaker implantation. This report describes three cases of SVC syndrome treated with venoplasty and venous stenting, with an average follow-up of 30.7 (±3.1)months. These cases illustrate that the definitive diagnosis, and the extent and location of venous obstruction, can only be determined by venography.

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