The immune response against early regulatory proteins of simian- and human immunodeficiency virus (SIV, HIV) has been associated with a milder course of infection. Here, we directly compared vaccination with Tat/Rev versus Pol/Gag. Challenge infection with SIVmac32H (pJ5) suggested that vaccination with Tat/Rev induced cellular immune responses that enabled cynomolgus macaques to more efficiently control SIV replication than the vaccine-induced immune responses against Pol/Gag. Vaccination with Tat/Rev resulted in reduced plasma SIV loads compared with control (P=0.058) or Pol/Gag-vaccinated (P=0.089) animals, with undetectable plasma viral loads in two of the four Tat/Rev-vaccinated animals. Therefore, the results warrant further investigation of the early regulatory proteins and their potential for vaccination against HIV.

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doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00219-0, hdl.handle.net/1765/3872
Vaccine
Erasmus MC: University Medical Center Rotterdam

Stittelaar, K., Gruters, R., Schutten, M., van Baalen, C., van Amerongen, G., Cranage, M., … Osterhaus, A. (2002). Comparison of the efficacy of early versus late viral proteins in vaccination against SIV. Vaccine, 20(23-24), 2921–2927. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00219-0