Tacrolimus: The balance between good and evil Pharmacogenetics in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients

Solid organ transplantation has dramatically increased the survival of both adult and children suffering from end-stage organ failure and improved the quality of life of these patients.With the introduction of calcineurin-inhibitors (CNIs) the short-term survival of transplant recipients improved even further. Presently, more than 90% of the immunosuppressive protocols in organ transplantation have CNIs incorporated as the primary immunosuppressant, resulting in CNIs being the mainstay of immunosuppressive therapy.