Contingencies and Convergence in European Social Security

Abstract

In Western European welfare states, one of the uses to which ICT has been put is the delivery of integrated public services in social security. In order to do this, the deployment of ICT (especially in the back office) requires coordination among various central and local levels of government, and among social insurance executive institutions, welfare authorities, and job centers. Viewing ICT-enabled integration as a technological and managerial ‘practice’, we analyze ICT coordination in various institutional regimes (in a decentralized regime like Denmark, a decentralized unity state like the Netherlands, and in a federal state like Austria). By comparative case study, we investigate whether ICT coordination adapts to the institutional context in which it is shaped (contingency-approach), or whether in various institutional contexts coordination practices more or less resemble each other (convergence-approach). Two methods were used to gather data. First, for each country policy documents and strategy papers were analyzed by using a structured code list. Second, in each country five key respondents at ministerial level and five respondents at local / regional level were interviewed. We reflect on the findings by discussing the role of ICTs in providing coordinated and integrated services in various welfare state regimes.