Background and epidemiologys

Gynecological malignancies-cancer of the cervix, ovaries, uterus, vagina, vulva, and the fallopian tubes - affect many women each year: one in eight tumors among women is gynecologic. This chapter focuses on the four most common gynecological cancers: uterine, ovary, cervical, and vulvar cancer. To present the epidemiology of these gynecological cancers, the incidence, mortality, and survival in Europe and the United States are described. Moreover, this chapter provides information on important risk factors of these cancers, comorbidities that might affect treatment and mortality, and elements of cancer survivorship. Increasing numbers of patients survive gynecological cancer and (long-term) consequences of the cancer and its treatment become more apparent. As a result quality of life becomes a growing topic of attention.

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