A Quality Assessment of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Sexual Function in Neurologic Patients Using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments Checklist: A Systematic Review

Context: Impaired sexual function has a significant effect on quality of life. Various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are available to evaluate sexual function. The quality of the PROMs to be used for neurologic patients remains unknown.
Objective: To systematically review which validated PROMs are available to evaluate sexual function in neurologic patients and to critically assess the quality of the validation studies and measurement properties for each identified PROM.
Evidence acquisition: A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement. The included publications were assessed according to the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist.
Evidence synthesis: Twenty-one studies for PROMs regarding sexual function were identified for the following patient groups: spinal cord injury (11 studies), multiple sclerosis (MS; 6 studies), Parkinson's disease (2 studies), traumatic brain injury (1 study), and epilepsy (1 study). The evidence for the quality of PROMs was found to be variable, and overall evaluation of measurement properties was lacking in 71% of the studies. The measurement error and responsiveness were not studied in any of the publications.
Conclusions: Several PROMs have been identified to evaluate sexual function in neurologic patients. Strong evidence was found only for the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-15 and Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 for patients with MS, although evidence was lacking for certain measurement properties as well. Future research should focus on identifying relevant PROMs and establishing adequate quality for all measurement properties in studies with high methodological quality.
Patient summary: A quality assessment of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for sexual function in neurologic patients was made. The evidence found for good PROMs was limited. Studies with high methodological quality are needed to improve the quality of PROMs to evaluate sexual function in neurologic patients. For the currently available patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to evaluate sexual function in neurologic patients, not all measurement properties have been evaluated. Studies of high methodological quality are necessary to provide PROMs with strong levels of evidence.