In this paper it is shown that several models for a bivariate nonstationary quarterly time series are nested in a vector autoregression with cointegration restrictions for the eight annual series of quarterly observations. Or, the Granger Representation Theorem is extended to incorporate, e.g., seasonal and periodic cointegration.

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doi.org/10.1080/07474939508800303, hdl.handle.net/1765/2059
Econometric Reviews
Erasmus School of Economics

Franses, P. H. (1995). A vector of quarters representation for bivariate time series. Econometric Reviews, 55–63. doi:10.1080/07474939508800303